A new generation of ladybirds

I noticed a patch of ladybird eggs on the tine of a hand cultivator in the kitchen garden.  It seemed an odd place to lay eggs with no food for larvae within easy walking distance.  As you would expect I brought it in to take some photos and waited to see what happened.  For reference the patch of 44 eggs above is about the size of a 7-spot Ladybird and the eggs are about 1mm long. 

The next morning I noticed a spider had moved in and spun some silk.  I wasn't sure if this was setting a trap for the larvae but later that day the spider was gone although some silk remained.

Two days later, early in the morning the larvae were hatching.  You can see that in fact it is the larvae that are yellow and the eggs are white.  Very soon the larvae were turning black.

Less than two hours later all but two eggs had hatched and half the larvae were black.

 At nine hours this was the view with most larvae black.

I put the cultivator out in the meadow overnight, expecting that the larvae would move off to find something to eat but next morning it looked as though they were all still in place.  This is the view at 24 hours after hatching.  The larvae look significantly bigger.

And this was the view at 34 hours and there seemed to be fewer larvae.  The cultivator was back in the meadow between photos so some could have moved away but ladybird larvae are notoriously cannibalistic so I wonder if some of the bigger ones had eaten some of the smaller ones.  Who knows?

By 48 hours they had all gone and most of the remaining egg shells looked to have been eaten by slugs.

Ladybird eggs and new larvae all look pretty much the same and can't be identified to species. As they get older the larvae develop individual markings and can usually be identified.  The eggs are laid over several weeks, mostly from late spring to mid summer.  Elsewhere in the meadow I could see lots of 7-spot Ladybird larvae of different sizes and ages feasting on the blackfly on the knapweed.

And a 14-spot Ladybird larva getting in on the action as well.

I also saw an adult 7-spot Ladybird but I can't tell if it is one of the last generation or the first of the next.  Probably the former.

Stoat news

First a stoat I met while counting dragonflies at Hepple.  I saw it running through the grass pursued by a crow, presumably hoping to steal any catch.  The stoat then ran straight up an enormous ash tree and was searching for bird nests while being mobbed by anxious small birds. My camera was in static dragonfly mode (manual focus, single exposure, slow speed, low ISO, etc) and the only change I could make quickly was to autofocus but I managed a few photos.

In this photo the blur on the right is one of the birds mobbing the stoat.

The stoat didn't find a nest and eventually gave up and ran straight down the tree as agile and as confident as a squirrel.

The stoat in the garden has been frustrating, as stoats often are.  I saw it by the gate with something in its mouth, possibly a kit, and it ran across into the meadow, towards the wall.  I fetched a camera and stood waiting for half an hour in case it returned.  Just as I gave up it came back with a second kit but I missed the photo.  So I fetched a tripod and stood waiting for nearly an hour but it didn't reappear.  It also didn't show on the cameras on the wall so I don't know where it went to.  There are plenty of other log piles, stone piles and brash piles in the copse so it could be that there is a stoat nest in there somewhere.

The cameras can only see the front of the wall and the stoat does appear a few times a week. Mostly it just runs by but sometimes it does a dance.  This is the most recent.

Another taste of what the stoat gets up to.  It does seem to be aware of the cameras.

One time it pulled a rabbit out of the hat, almost literally.  The rabbit isn't full grown and isn't very fresh and this was the only camera that saw it.  You can hear a blackbird alarm in the background.

I live in hope that the stoat will keep the kits in the garden and that they may yet appear on the cameras.

D-day on NestBoxCam

At last some success to report from my nest box camera.  The camera is very low res and now very old.  It was put up in 2009 so the software that runs it is at least 17 years old and the only computer that can run the software is 18 years old (and still works).  Because of all this the pictures and sound aren't very good so I have been thinking of replacing it all, but I have been discouraged by the recent lack of success.  Chicks were fledged from the box every year from 2009 - 2019 (mostly blue tits, once great tits and once tree sparrows).  Since then nothing. There were three chicks in 2022 but they died and in the other years there was either no attempt or no eggs after a nest was built.

In the past winter a blue tit was roosting in the box every night, something I haven't seen before, and I wasn't really paying much attention until I noticed a nest had been built in late April.  On 1st May I could see at least one egg (there must have been two) and the clutch of nine was complete by 8th May.  This video shows what happened as eight chicks hatched on 15th May and grew for the next 20 days.

Fledging was on 3rd June.  In previous years I have watched from the car with a camera but this time I watched on the nest box camera.  Two chicks left while I was in the shower and the next five went quite quickly.  No 8 was very reluctant and was still in the box at 09.30 when I had to go out but it had left by the time I got home.  I was interested to see that the parents were aware that there was still one left, despite presumably being busy trying to keep up with the other seven outside.

Encouraged by this I plan to install a new box with a new camera and new software for much better pictures next year.

Chasing birds

 

Chasing Birds is the make of the new cover for my new lens.  An odd name but it is very good quality and the lens is superb, inspiring me to get out and take a few more photos.  The male cuckoo above was singing at Bollihope Burn and landed not too far away for about five seconds. Another photo as it took off.

A few days before I heard and saw another cuckoo at Sharnberry Gill, not far away.  That one was farther off and into the light, so a more difficult target.

As it was singing from a tree across the valley it was harassed by a brave pair of meadow pipits, the host species for the cuckoo.

A little while later the light was better but the cuckoo was in a tree high above me and was again being mobbed by meadow pipits.

Also at Bollihope Burn I heard this singing male ring ouzel in a treetop too far away.  This is a heavily cropped image but at least you can see what it is.

Nearby was a lapwing.

On a trip to RSPB St Aidan's in Yorkshire with Brian Rutter we saw a black-necked grebe.

and a little owl, both new birds for my cameras.

And earlier this week I went to Muggleswick to look for pied flycatchers.  This is the male

and the female.

These last two photos were taken from about 15m in the shade of an oak wood so it's amazing what a modern camera can do.  I still have a lot to learn about the camera and the lens but I am looking forward to chasing more birds.

A near miss on OtterCam

How about this for a close encounter?  I went to change the trail camera cards and batteries with my mate Brian and we stopped to look at a newly-emerged damselfly.  The dog otter must have heard / smelt / seen us and quietly slipped into the water only a few yards away.  We only realised what had happened when I looked at the videos at home.  Frustrating!

The other news is that the otters are courting.  The three cubs have left their mother although I think two of them are still around.

Two days before the picture above the dog went through the same spot whistling for a mate.

And a few hours before we were there the courting couple were caught on camera.  First the male went behind one of the cameras.  A little while later the female followed him and moments later they reappeared.  In her hurry to keep up she bumped into the camera before running ahead into the water and circling round to encourage him.  The chittering noise is one I have heard every year to attract the male but this is not as loud as this time last year.  After a bit of scent-marking and sniffing they went off out of view.

The timing of this is interesting.  This is the fourth May in a row that I have seen courtship behaviour in the otters.  Here is a fairly primitive chart to show what has been happening in the 7+ years that I have been following the otters with trail cameras, starting in February 2019.

You'll see that a pattern has emerged in the last four years with cubs (presumably) born in July - gestation is 63 days - and visible from October/November before dispersing in May as courtship begins.  Otters are non-seasonal breeders but this has settled into an annual cycle.  In the earlier years I didn't have cameras in permanently and hadn't worked out the best place to put them but even so we can see a different pattern.  The courting in February 2022 was well seen on camera but presumably didn't lead to anything as new cubs weren't seen until November that year.

Otters don't usually breed until they are about two years old and I read that the average female only lives long enough to have two or three litters.  However, otters can live for up to eight or nine years in the wild so it is obviously possible for one female to have more.  If a female died or was no longer able to reproduce I would expect there to be a delay while the territory was taken over by a new female so the chart makes me wonder if this female is already six years old and is hoping to embark on her fifth pregnancy.  If so, and if all goes well, we should expect to see new cubs on the cameras in October or November.

One other observation.  None of the three recent cubs ended up larger than their mother so I suspect all three were female.  You'll see above how much larger the male otter is.  A year ago both cubs were male and grew larger than their mother.    This is a video from yesterday and I think it shows two of the cubs still in the territory, or possibly the mother still with one cub (when she's not courting).  Notice that the first cub has a tick in its left ear whereas neither the dog otter nor the mother had a tick in the video above.  Once the videos show only a solo otter it becomes more difficult to tell who is who.

Birds on trail cameras

Birds account for most of the "non-target" triggers on the trail cameras, mainly pigeons, ducks, geese etc.  The advantage the cameras have is that they are watching all the time, so they see things that would otherwise be missed.  The videos can also show us natural behaviour in an undisturbed environment, something else rarely seen.

Bitterns have been causing great excitement in Gosforth Nature Reserve this spring with at least one booming male and at least one female.  Hopes are high that they may breed in the reserve for the first time.  Most of the time they are hidden in the reeds but this one, probably a female, went for a wander in front of the cameras last week.

And then it happened again a couple of days ago.  The bittern walked past three cameras and was a bit too close by the end.  It appeared to pause when it heard a sudden burst of song from a Cetti's warbler close by in the reeds.  I was interested to see that it stood tall and still when out in the open, just as it does for concealment when it is in the reeds.

Another recent recording showed an adult male Redstart, a summer visitor to the UK and a rare record for the reserve.  This one was presumably en route to a breeding territory farther north in upland woodlands.

And this is what I am seeing most of the time.  There are several Mallard, Canada Goose and Greylag Goose families in the reserve and they spend a lot of time using up camera memory and battery power.  This is a brief excerpt from a prolonged visit from the greylags.

A BIG surprise on OtterCam

It's only a glimpse but is on two cameras and well worth a look.  The dog otter went past with a huge eel, almost as long as himself.  What a pity he didn't stay to eat it in front of the cameras.  I have slowed both down to quarter speed to make it easier to see the action.

Basil Dean, an Environment Agency specialist in river restoration and currently seconded as a Development Manager to the Ouseburn Way project, says he has long suspected that there are large eels in the lake as the habitat is perfect for them, so it is good to have proof.  My cameras have previously recorded otters with fish, a rat, moorhens, ducks, frogs and now an eel.  As long as it is meaty, if they can catch it they'll eat it.

Eels are a favourite food of otters but I expect most of those they catch are smaller than this.  I can't imagine that he could eat it all in one go and I suspect he didn't need to go fishing for another night or two.  The European eel population has declined by 98% over the past 40 years and the species is now on the IUCN Red List.  And it's not because otters are eating them all - the principle causes include pollution, loss of habitat, climate change and physical barriers to migration, so it is good to know that this is somewhere they can thrive (if they stay out of the reach of the otters).

In other news, as they say.  The otter cubs are still with their mother, or at least two of them are. The last time the cameras saw all three plus mother was 10th April but I can't tell if the two are always the same two.  The cub with a bad leg is still there and is almost back to normal.  The cubs are now 10 months old and are likely to disperse soon, perhaps this month.  I think all three are still around because I am often seeing a solo otter (not the dog) and quite often it is whistling a contact call.  It could be that one (or more) is already semi-independent but still in the territory. Here are all four in April - the middle cub is the one with the limp but you can see it doesn't look too bad.

And here is the latest play fight.  When it involved three cubs the mother always joined in but this time she just let them get on with it.  It's a bit disjointed as a lot of the action was off camera and it was a misty night with some of the cameras a bit steamed up but it looks like fun.

The previous three litters all left at about 10 months of age and each time it seemed that the mother initiated it by courting the dog otter.  From the timing of things I suspect that the present female has been the mother of the last four litters but I can't be sure.  Female otters generally only live long enough to have two or three litters so, if I am right, it may be that this female won't breed again.  It will be interesting to see what happens in the coming weeks.  More news soon.